These words all mean to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident. 以上各词主要指在事故中伤害、使受伤。

• injure to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident 尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤：◆He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。◆Three people were injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人受伤。
• wound [often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon 指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害：◆50 people were seriously wounded in the attack. 这次攻击中有 50 人受重伤。 NOTE Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks which affect a lot of people. * wound 常指在战争中或在波及许多人的其他攻击中受伤。
• hurt to cause physical pain to sb/yourself; to injure sb/yourself 指（使）疼痛、受伤：◆Did you hurt yourself? 你伤着自己了吗？

injure or hurt? 用 injure 还是 hurt？

You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way. 在事故中身体受伤可用 hurt 或 injure，hurt 强调引起的身体疼痛，injure 强调身体部位受到某种程度的损伤。

• bruise to make a blue, brown or purple mark (= a bruise) appear on the skin after sb has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise 指摔伤、撞伤、（使）出现瘀伤
• sprain to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly bending it in an awkward way, causing pain and swelling 指扭伤（踝、腕、膝）
• pull to damage a muscle, etc., by using too much force 指拉伤、扭伤（肌肉等）
• strain to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard 指损伤、拉伤、扭伤：◆Don't strain your eyes by reading in poor light. 别在光线不足的地方看书把眼睛给伤了。

Patterns

• to injure/hurt/strain yourself
• to injure/hurt/sprain/pull/strain a muscle
• to injure/hurt/sprain your ankle/foot/knee/wrist/hand
• to injure/hurt/strain your back/shoulder/eyes
• to injure/hurt your spine/neck
• to be badly/severely/slightly injured/wounded/hurt/bruised/sprained

Being injured 受伤

• have a fall/an injury 跌了一跤；受伤
• receive/suffer/sustain a serious injury/a hairline fracture/ (especially BrE) whiplash/a gunshot wound 受重伤/轻微骨裂/鞭伤/枪伤
• hurt/injure your ankle/back/leg 伤到脚踝/背/大腿
• damage the brain/an ankle ligament/your liver/the optic nerve/the skin 损伤大脑/脚踝韧带/肝脏/视神经/皮肤
• pull/strain/tear a hamstring/ligament/muscle/tendon 拉伤腘绳肌腱/韧带/肌肉/肌腱
• sprain/twist your ankle/wrist 扭伤脚踝/手腕
• break a bone/your collarbone/your leg/three ribs 骨折；锁骨/大腿/三根肋骨骨折
• fracture/crack your skull 头盖骨破裂
• break/chip/knock out/lose a tooth 碰断了一颗牙；使牙齿崩缺了一块；磕掉/掉了一颗牙
• burst/perforate your eardrum 使耳膜破裂；鼓膜穿孔
• dislocate your finger/hip/jaw/shoulder 使手指/臀部/下巴/肩膀脱臼
• bruise/cut/graze your arm/knee/shoulder 擦伤/割破/擦破手臂/膝盖/肩膀
• burn/scald yourself/your tongue 烧伤/烫伤自己/舌头
• bang/bump/hit/ (informal) bash your elbow/head/knee (on/against sth) （在某物上）撞到肘部/头/膝盖

Treating injuries 治疗伤病

• treat sb for burns/a head injury/a stab wound 给某人治疗烧伤/头部伤/刺伤
• examine/clean/dress/bandage/treat a bullet wound 检查/清洗/包扎/用绷带包扎/治疗枪伤
• repair a damaged/torn ligament/tendon/cartilage 修复损伤的/拉伤的韧带/肌腱/软骨
• amputate/cut off an arm/a finger/a foot/a leg/a limb 截去一只胳膊/一根手指/一只脚/一条腿；截肢
• put on/ (formal) apply/take off (especially NAmE) a Band-Aid™/ (BrE) a plaster/a bandage 贴上/使用/撕掉创可贴；缠上/使用/解掉绷带
• need/require/put in/ (especially BrE) have (out)/ (NAmE) get (out) stitches 需要缝针；缝针；拆线
• put on/rub on/ (formal) apply cream/ointment/lotion 涂抹护肤霜/药膏/护肤液
• have/receive/undergo (BrE) physiotherapy/ (NAmE) physical therapy 接受物理疗法