Whom is not used very often in spoken English. Who is usually used as the object pronoun, especially in questions.在口语中，whom 不常用，通常用 who 作宾格代词，尤其在疑问句中：◆Who did you invite to the party?你邀请了哪些人来参加聚会？
The use of whom as the pronoun after prepositions is very formal. * whom 作代词置于介词后的用法非常正式：◆To whom should I address the letter?这封信我该写给谁呢？◆He asked me with whom I had discussed it.他问我和谁讨论过此事。 In spoken English it is much more natural to use who and put the preposition at the end of the sentence.在口语中，疑问词用 who，将介词置于句末更自然：◆Who should I address the letter to?这封信我该写给谁呢？◆He asked me who I had discussed it with.他问我和谁讨论过此事。
In defining relative clauses the object pronoun whom is not often used. You can either use who or that, or leave out the pronoun completely.在限定性关系从句中，宾格代词 whom 不常用，可用 who 或 that 或干脆省去代词：◆The family (who/that/whom) I met at the airport were very kind.我在机场遇见的这家人非常友好。
In non-defining relative clauses who or, more formally, whom (but not that) is used and the pronoun cannot be left out.在非限定性关系从句中，要用 who 或更正式的 whom（但不能用 that），而且此代词不能省略：◆Our doctor, who/whom we all liked very much, retired last week.我们的医生上周退休了，我们都很爱戴他。 This pattern is not used very much in spoken English.此句型在英语口语中不很常用。