🔑coun·tryBrE/ˈkʌntri/NAmE/ˈkʌntri/noun (coun·tries) 🔑[C]anareaoflandthathasorusedtohaveitsowngovernmentandlaws国；国家◆Europeancountries欧洲国家◆leadingindustrialcountries最重要的工业国家◆Shedidn'tknowwhatlifeinaforeigncountrywouldbelike. 她不知道外国的生活会是什么样。◆It'sgoodtomeetpeoplefromdifferentpartsofthecountry. 结识来自这个国家不同地区的人是有益的。country / state
Country is the most usual, neutral word for a geographical area that has or used to have its own government. * country 是指国家的最普通的中性词。
State emphasizes the political organization of an area under an independent government. Especially in BrE, it can also mean the government. * state 侧重指独立政府统治下的政权机构，尤其在英式英语中，该词亦可指政府：◆the member states of the EU欧盟成员国◆The state provides free education.政府提供免费教育。In NAmEthe state usually refers to one of the 50 states of the US, not to the government of the country as a whole.在美式英语中，the state 通常指美国 50 个州中的一个州，而非指作为一个整体的国家政府。
🔑[U] () anareaofland, especiallywithparticularphysicalfeatures, suitableforaparticularpurposeorconnectedwithaparticularpersonorpeople（尤指具有某种自然特征、适于某目的或与某种人有关的）地区，区域◆open/wooded, etc. country空旷、树木繁茂等的地区◆superbwalkingcountry极佳的徒步旅行区域◆ExploreThomasHardycountry. 踏访托马斯 · 哈代小说描写的地区。➡ see alsobackcountry🔑the country[sing.]thepeopleofacountry; thenationasawhole全国人民；国民；全民◆Theyhavethesupportofmostofthecountry. 他们有大多数国民的支持。◆Therichbenefitedfromthereforms, notthecountryasawhole. 富人而不是全体国民得益于这些改革。➡ see alsomother country, old country, up-country🔑
the country[sing.]anyareaoutsidetownsandcities, withfields, woods, farms, etc.乡下；乡村◆toliveinthecountry住在乡下◆Wespentapleasantdayinthecountry. 我们在乡下度过了愉快的一天。◆acountrylane乡间小路countrylandscape ⬥ countryside ⬥ terrain ⬥ land ⬥ scenery
These are all words for areas away from towns and cities, with fields, woods and farms.以上各词均指远离城镇，有田野、树林和农场的地区。
country(often the country) an area that is away from towns and cities, especially one with particular natural features（常作 the country）尤指具有自然特征的乡下、乡村：◆She lives in the country.她住在乡下。◆an area of wooded country树木覆盖的乡村地区
landscapeeverything that you can see when you look across a large area of land, especially in the country尤指乡村的风景或景色：◆This pattern of woods and fields is typical of the English landscape.这种林地与田野的格局是典型的英格兰乡村景色。
countrysideland outside towns and cities, with fields, woods and farms指乡村、农村NOTECountryside is usually used when you are talking about the beauty or peacefulness of a country area. * countryside 通常用于强调乡村地区的美丽或宁静：◆a little village in the French countryside法国乡间的小村庄
terrain(formal) land指地带、土地NOTETerrain is used when you are describing the natural features of an area, for example if it is rough, flat, etc. * terrain 用于描述某地区的地形或地势：◆The truck bumped its way over the rough terrain.卡车在崎岖不平的地面上颠簸行进。
land(usually the land) the countryside; the way people live in the country as opposed to in towns and cities（通常作 the land）指与城镇相对的农村、农村生活方式：◆Many younger people are leaving the land to find work in the cities.许多较年轻的人陆续离开农村到城市去找工作。
scenerythe natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests, especially when these are attractive to look at指自然风景、景色、风光：◆We stopped on the mountain pass to admire the scenery.我们在山口停下来欣赏风景。
live in a city/a town/an urban environment/ (informal) a concrete jungle/the suburbs/shanty towns/slums住在城里/镇上/城区/混凝土丛林/郊区/棚户区/贫民窟
live(especiallyNAmE) downtown/in the downtown area/ (BrE) in the city centre住在市中心
enjoy/like the hectic pace of life/the hustle and bustle of city life喜欢忙碌的生活节奏/城市生活的热闹
cope with the stress/pressure of urban life应对城市生活的压力
get caught up in the rat race卷入大城市里为财富、权力等的疯狂追逐中
prefer/seek the anonymity of life in a big city更喜欢/追求大城市里人与人互不相识的生活
be drawn by/resist the lure of the big city被大城市的诱惑所吸引；抵御大城市的诱惑
head for the bright lights (of the big city/New York)奔向（大城市/纽约）五光十色的生活
enjoy/love the vibrant/lively nightlife享受/喜爱充满生机的夜生活
have/be close to all the amenities拥有/紧靠各种便利设施
be surrounded by towering skyscrapers/a soulless urban sprawl被高耸入云的摩天大楼/毫无生气的城市拓展区所包围
use/travel by/rely on(BrE) public transport/ (NAmE) public transportation使用/出行乘坐/依赖公共交通
put up with/get stuck in/sit in massive/huge/heavy/endless/constant traffic jams忍受/陷入大面积/严重的/没完没了的/持续的交通堵塞
tackle/ease/reduce/relieve/alleviate the heavy/severe traffic congestion处理/缓解严重的交通堵塞
be affected/choked/damaged by pollution受到污染的影响；被污染呛得透不过气；受到污染的伤害
Country乡村
live in a village/the countryside/an isolated area/a rural backwater/ (informal) the sticks住在村里/乡村/偏僻的地区/落后的乡村/偏远的乡村地区
enjoy/like the relaxed/slower pace of life享受/喜欢悠闲/缓慢的生活节奏
enjoy/love/explore the great outdoors享受/喜欢/探索蓝天碧野
look for/find/get/enjoy a little peace and quiet寻找/找到/得到/享受一点宁静与安宁
need/want to get back/closer to nature需要/想要回去/接近大自然
be surrounded by open/unspoilt/picturesque countryside四周被空旷的/未被污染的/风景如画的乡村环绕
escape/quit/get out of/leave the rat race逃离/退出城市中你死我活的竞争
seek/achieve a better/healthy work-life balance寻求/达到工作与生活更好的/健康的平衡
downshift to a less stressful life选择压力较小的生活
seek/start a new life in the country在乡村寻求/开始一种新的生活
(BrE, informal) up sticks/NAmE, informalpull up stakes and move to/head for…突然迁居到…
create/build/foster a strong sense of community树立/培养强烈的社群意识
depend on/be employed in/work in agriculture依赖/从事农业
live off/farm/work the land靠土地为生；耕种土地
tackle/address the problem of rural unemployment解决农村失业问题
[U] = country and western◆pop, folkandcountry流行、民间和乡村音乐●acrossˈcountrydirectlyacrossfields, etc.; notbyamainroad（直接）穿越田野；不走大路◆ridingacrosscountry骑马穿过田野➡ see alsocross-country●gototheˈcountry(BrE) (ofagovernment政府) toholdanelectiontochooseanewparliament举行大选（以组成新的议会）●it'safreeˈcountry(informal) usedasareplywhensbsuggeststhatyoushouldnotdosth（有人建议不应做某事时用于回答）这是个自由的国家◆It'safreecountry; I'llsaywhatIlike! 这是个自由的国家，我想说什么就说什么！
